A senior is most likely to use the computer for wordprocessing, may be some accounting, surfing the Net, sending and receiving e-mail, and possibly storing and manipulating digital pictures. A good basic computer can handle all of these. Anybody who wants to enjoy the latest computer games, or are planning to edit and store digital videos on their computers will need more advanced and expensive computers. Selecting and buying such computers is beyond the scope of this page. In this section, I shall talk about buying a basic computer, because that is all most seniors really need. That said, let me jump right into the topic.
You need to make two important decisions first. One, desktop or notebook? For the elderly, unless you really want to carry around your computer (I don't know why you should do that), I recommend buying the desktop (that sits on a table). That is much easy to use, and is cheaper. And two, Mac (Macintosh) or PC (the one that uses Windows)? In the old days, this used to be a debatable subject. Both had their pros and cons. Today, both kinds have advanced tremendously (both can read each other's files) and it is basically a personal taste. Mac computers are more expensive though. Since I personally do not use Mac, I cannot advice you about buying a Mac. I shall stick to PC (Personal Computer, originally introduced by IBM). Since many manufacturers make PC's these days, some people use the words "IBM clone" to refer to the PC. I use both desktop and laptop (also known as notebook) computers. I personally find desktop computers much more comfortable to use. They have bigger screens (monitors), the keyboards are larger (easier to type), and they have mice as the pointing device. I think most seniors will find that the mouse is more comfortable to use than the "touchpad" pointing device in the notebook computers. (Note: A mouse can be added to a notebook computer as an extra at additional cost). So unless you have a compelling reason to carry around your computer, I shall recommend that you buy a desktop computer.
When buying a computer, the following things need to be considered. But before I recommend any minimum requirement, let me remind you that computer industry is advancing by leaps and bounds. What is considered adequate today, may fall short of expectations in a few years. A good computer bought 5 years ago might seem like pre-historic today. So it is kind of difficult to suggest what to look for. But I shall try to give you an idea what you should look for in a basic home computer (not for doing "extreme" things, like playing the latest computer games or high speed video editing or listening to theater quality music) that will hopefully be adequate and still remain usable, without the need to upgrade, after 3 to 5 years. Some of you are probably wondering why should there be any need to upgrade? Well, the Operating System (Windows) and software designers are continuously coming up with newer and better versions of their products which themselves occupy a huge part of your hard drive and demand more memory and more speed from your computer. So to run these latest versions and newer software you will need a more powerful computer with better features. Remember, if you run only one application at a time, lower memory and lower processing speed of your computer may not be a problem. But if you want to run 3 or 4 applications (programs) at a time (which is usually the case for seasoned computer users) lower memory (RAM) and lower processing speeds can be an issue, and if your computer is not equipped to handle such demanding tasks, you may notice sluggishness on part of the computer and it may even crash often! To enjoy better quality pictures, you will need better video cards, and larger monitors with higher resolution. To enjoy better quality music, you will need better sound cards and better speakers. The list goes on ...
Okay, enough of intro. Let's jump into the subject. This is what you should consider when buying a basic home computer:
Processor: This is the brain of the computer. The most common brand names of the processor are Intel and AMD. The speed of the processor determines how fast the computer can carry out your commands. The speed is measured in Megahertz (MHz) and Gigahertz (GHz). One thousand MHz equals one GHz. For a basic home computer look for at least an Intel Celeron processor (Intel Pentium 3 or Intel Pentium 4 are better). The processing speed should not be less than 500 MHz (2.53 GHz is better and fast becoming the minimum standard).
Operating System: This is the Windows version that comes installed in your new computer. At this time all computers come with Windows XP installed in them. But Windows XP has three versions, namely Home, Media Center, and Professional. You need only Home, unless you do a lot music and video in your computer in which case you should choose Media Center. Avoid the Professional version. That is really for the professionals and is more expensive. One important note: Make sure you receive an original CD (Compact Disk) of the Windows version that is installed in your computer. This is very important because in case something very wrong happens to your computer, you may have to re-install Windows to make the computer work again. Without the Windows disk (CD), you will not be able to do that. The computer manufacturer should also give you a key (code) that will be necessary to re-install Windows. Microsoft (manufacturer of Windows operating system) requires that from legitimate owners (licensees) to prevent piracy.
Memory or RAM: This is where your computer temporarily stores information when working with a program or programs. RAM is as important as the processor, if not more. More the RAM, your computer will work better especially if you open more than one application (program) at a time. The minimum is 256 MB (Megabyte), but try to get 1 GB (Gigabyte). When shopping for a new computer, try to get as much memory (Random Access Memory or RAM) as you can afford. If you have to compromise between processing speed and memory, go for slightly less processing speed and more memory (RAM). Some people call RAM the muscle of the computer. Give your computer as much muscle power as you can afford.
Hard Drive: Hard drive is the place where your computer stores information on a more permanent basis. It is the information storage area. Larger the storage area, more information can be stored. Only a few years ago, an 8 GB hard drive was considered huge. But alas, it is no more the case. The Operating System and the applications are growing bigger and bigger. They themselves require bigger storage space. Also, in the past people generally dealt only with text files which are relatively smaller in size. Now with the advent of "multimedia" computers, people are storing picture files, music files, and video files which are usually huge in size. So today's multimedia computers need and come with humongous hard drives. So, even for a senior who needs only a "basic home computer", I would say get at least a 80 GB hard drive. And it does not cost that much more.
CD/DVD Drive: Your computer must be equipped with at least a CD drive. An ordinary CD drive can only read information from a Compact Disk inserted into the drive. This is absolutely a minimum requirement as most software you buy these days come on a CD. (Floppy disks are fast becoming obsolete and so are the floppy drives). You can also hear music from a music CD when inserted into the CD drive of your computer (and it usually starts automatically, if not read Windows online Help to find out how to make it start automatically). Of course, to hear music, your computer should have a sound card and speakers. The good thing is today's multimedia computers usually come with those. You don't have to buy a thing separately unless you want to upgrade them. (Sometimes speakers are sold separately, so always ask if the speakers are included in the price or not). If you have a DVD drive (slightly more expensive), you can watch a movie from a DVD on your computer's screen. A DVD drive can play a CD, but a CD drive cannot play a DVD! A CD drive is a standard feature in today's computers. But you have choices to make here.
There are generally five types of CD/DVD drive options available:
-- CD-ROM, only plays a CD.
-- CD-RW, plays and writes (i.e., burns or copies) CD.
-- DVD-ROM, plays CD's and DVD's.
-- CD-RW/DVD-ROM Combo, plays and writes CD's and plays DVD's.
-- DVD+/-RW, plays CD's and DVD's as well as burns both CD's and DVD's.
(Note: Plays CD means plays music CD as well as loads software to your computer from a CD. Plays DVD means you can watch movies from a DVD as well as you can load software to your computer from a DVD).
As you can see from above, a DVD+/-RW drive is most versatile. So if you can afford, get a computer with DVD+/-RW drive. That way you can do all functions connected with a CD or a DVD.
Floppy Drive: As I mentioned above, the use of floppy disks by software vendors these days has become almost zero. And since it is possible to burn CD's (i.e., making copies of CD's) at home inexpensively, more and more people are making copies of their computer files on CD's (a CD can hold much more than a floppy disk) these days. As a result, computer manufacturers are getting rid of the old-fashioned floppy drives in their machines. But I find a floppy disk very handy to make quick copies of small computer files either to transport them to another computer or to share them with others or just to keep a back up copy. Therefore, I suggest that you look for floppy drive (in addition to CD/DVD drive) when buying a new computer. Some manufacturers offer a floppy drive as an option for a few extra bucks.
USB Ports: Today's computers almost invariably come with USB (Universal Serial Bus) Ports, though only a few years ago these were a rare thing. These ports are very handy things, because you can plug-in various accessories, such as your digital camera, to your computer through these. Good desktop computers come with quite a few of these. Before buying ask how many USB ports are there in the computer (the more the better), and more importantly, how many are there in the front? The ports on the back of the computer are usually very difficult to reach. It is much more convenient if a couple of them are located in the front of the computer so that you can easily hook-up your digital camera with it to download pictures, for example.
Sound Card: Comes already installed in most computers today along with speakers. These are necessary to hear sound. Just make sure the computer you are thinking of buying has already have them. Your only option may be to upgrade them. I would say, don't bother if you are a "basic computer" user.
Video or Graphic Card: This is needed to see graphics (photos and videos) in your computer. Again, today's computers are more likely to already have it. Just make sure it is already there. And don't bother to upgrade it unless you are planning to enjoy the latest computer games, edit videos in your computer or you are a graphic designer (but then you won't be reading my computer tutorials, would you?).
Network Card: If you have more than one computer in your house, and if all the computers have network cards in them, then it is possible to access files from a different computer if you have established a network between the computers. You may not need it, but it is good to know that it is possible. So before you buy your computer, ask if the computer has a network card in it. Most modern computers do. Also make sure your computer is Broadband (faster Internet connection via cable, DSL or satellite) ready.
Keyboard: Always comes with the computer (included in the price). Want to be fancy? You can buy a wireless keyboard and be free from desktop clutter. But that also means extra expenses.
Mouse: The mouse too always comes with the computer and is included in the price of the computer. Again, in this age of wireless computing, it is possible to buy a wireless mouse. And again, that would require you to spend a few extra bucks.
Monitor: This is a very important part of your computer system. Usually the computer price does not include a monitor, but sometimes it does. So please ask. A good monitor will greatly enhance your computing experience. So it is worthwhile to spend a little extra (if you can afford it) on a good quality and bigger monitor. Basically, there are two types of monitors available today. The conventional or CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitors are cheaper. But they are very bulky and heavy. An elderly person can easily strain his/her back trying to handle them. They also occupy a lot of desk space. So if you can afford, go for the modern flatscreen or LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) monitors. They are slim and occupy less desk space and are much lighter. The display quality is also generally better. But unfortunately they cost more (though the prices have already come down considerably and they are likely to go down further). I would say, a 17" (measured diagonally) is best for ordinary home use, but if you cannot afford it, try to buy at least a 15" flatscreen (LCD) monitor. CRT monitors are really bulky, heavy, and difficult to move. They are also slowly becoming obsolete.
Printer: The printer is usually not included in the price of the computer, but sometimes retailers and other sellers announce package deals and throw in a particular make and model of a free printer (or scanner) with a particular make and model of a computer in the deal. Usually, a home computer user will find such a deal attractive. But always consider if that make and model of the computer is something you really want. It may not meet all your requirements, or it may have extra features that you will never use (but will have to pay for them). Also, take a close look at the printer's features. Does it meet your requirements? For example, is it a photo quality printer? Another important feature of the printer to consider is the ease of availability of replacement ink cartridges. Are the cartridges available everywhere or do you have to get them from the manufacturer by mail which may be time consuming. Almost everybody uses color printers these days. One important thing to consider here is if all the colors (usually three, a mixture of which can print virtually any color) are contained in one cartridge or they come in different cartridges. If in one cartridge, which is usually the case, if you run out of just one color, you have to replace the whole cartridge for proper reproduction of the printed colors. And remember these cartridges are not cheap. Some printers have a separate cartridge for each color, so that you have to replace just one cartridge if you run out of one color. And single color cartridges are cheaper to replace.
There are various things to consider in a printer. How many black and white pages can it print per minute and how many colored pages per minute? What is the resolution of the printer meaning how many dots it prints per inch (DPI)? The higher this number the better is the print quality. Where is the paper feed located? How many papers can be loaded on the printer at a time? Can it print on envelopes? How many different sizes of papers and cards it can print on? The list goes on. But perhaps the most important consideration for a home computer user is: "Is this just a printer or is it a printer, a scanner, a copier, and a free standing fax machine all in one". If you at all need a scanner or a copier or a fax machine, then it is worthwhile considering a printer that is integrated with all these other machines because that can significantly reduce desktop clutter and endless jungle of wires behind the computer desk. But if you do not need the other machines, and I think most of my elderly readers will not need any of these, just go and buy a simple, economical printer. You do not need anything too fancy, and too expensive. Just for your information, wireless printers are also available for convenience. But you pay extra for the convenience, and those are best for laptop users or those who have established a network between computers.
Hardware Warranty: Look for minimum one year warranty. Also, understand clearly where to take the computer if something goes wrong within the warranty period. Will your computer store repair/replace it or do you have to mail your computer back to the Internet seller or manufacturer. Who will pay for the shipping in that case? Most stores and other sellers extend the warranty at an additional fee. Some credit card companies also extend the manufacturer's warranty, at least in USA. Check with your credit card company if you are paying for your computer by credit card.
Technical Support: This is important. Most computers come with a three to six months of free Tech Support offer. Make sure it is a toll free telephone number. Also learn if the support is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, or is it just Monday through Friday between certain hours. 24/7 tech support can make a big difference in your overall satisfaction. Remember, problems somehow happen on weekends, holidays, and at night! In some cases, it might be possible to extend the tech support period for an additional fee. In that case, I would recommend to my inexperienced users, to buy Tech Support for at least a year.
I do not want to burden my elderly readers with too much information. I know instead of helping that will confuse them more. So I will end this section by telling the following things.
Buying computers from a typical computer store may seem easy and quickest if you have such a store nearby. But the best prices are usually obtained from Internet dealers. But buying from Internet dealers requires some experience on the part of the buyer. You have to know how to search, how to navigate through the dealer's Web site to select your computer, then customize it where possible, proceed to checkout to make the payment and complete the order. You also have to find out what is the dealer's return policy, what happens if the computer you are buying gets damaged in transit etc. You should very clearly understand the seller's telephone support policy and terms, the telephone number to call etc. Also make sure you understand if the computer is brand new or refurbished (returned by somebody for a defect and the defective part has been repaired/replaced by the manufacturer, essentially making it a second hand computer in good working condition).
At the very end, I shall say something at the risk of being branded as Dell Computer's salesperson. I find computer buying very easy from Dell's Web site (www.dell.com) if you live in the United States. First you click on Desktop (or on Notebook if you want to buy a Notebook computer). Then click on the cheapest computer among Desktops shown. It is usually marked as Basic or Entry Level. Believe me, for the purpose of most elderly home computer users, the basic or entry level computer they show is all you need. Scroll down the page to read the features (specifications) of that computer. Then, if necessary, customize it by clicking on the Customize button. The next page will give you options to choose from. For each item like the Processor, Operating System, Memory etc. Dell also gives a button marked "Help me choose". Click on that button to learn more about that item, then choose according to your need. You will click on a radio button to put a dot in front of your selection. If the advertised price already includes the feature you want, you don't have to select another option. Check every item to make sure you are getting what you need. If you need more memory, for example, put a dot in front of the memory option you are choosing from the available options. If you are choosing more memory than what is included in the price, Dell will show you right on that page how much extra it would cost you. Keep selecting all the additionals (or perhaps none at all). The next page will tell you what software comes already installed in the computer for no additional cost, and will give you options to choose more for additional cost. The next page will offer you to purchase broadband connection for Internet access through Dell and also to purchase other options such as setting up your home computer system by Dell appointed contractors, transferring files from your old computer to your new computer, setting up a network between 2 or more computers within your house, extend Tech Support contract etc. Choose as many of these as you like for additional money or refuse all if you want to stick to the base price. The next page will ask you to confirm or alter your selections before going to the checkout counter. At the checkout counter, you have to give your mailing address, credit card number etc. At this stage Dell will usually offer additional discount on your computer if you pay by the free Dell credit card (for which you can sign-up right on their site). These are your personal choices. Do whatever is best for you. When you confirm your order you should print out your final order to keep a record. Dell will supply you a order number for reference and will also supply you with a date when your order will leave their factory in Texas. Most of the time Dell offers free shipping by UPS Ground Service within the 48 contiguous states of USA, though they charge a small handling fee. Dell is the only place I know where they will build a computer to your specifications in about six days and sell that to you at a highly competitive rate, though Gateway also probably does the same. I have no first hand experience with Gateway. One tip to share. Dell begins by showing you three computers marked as Basic, Mid-range, and Advanced. For most ordinary people looking for a reasonably good home computer without very fancy features, it is best to start with the Basic model and then add some extras or improve some items of the Basic model. That way I have found the price is cheaper, than if you straight go the Mid-range and try to customize it. I don't know. It may not be true all the time. But for a Basic Computer shopper, I think starting with the basic and then improving on some selected items will result in a cost efficient "Basic" computer that will not fall behind time very quickly. Give it a try. By the way, to make things easy, Dell also offers help by telephone in choosing the right computer with the right features. If you feel like it, by all means seek help by phone. But before that do your homework and know exactly what you want. Otherwise, there is a slight chance that you will end up paying extra and buy features that you really do not need because the Dell Rep. might talk you into it. By the way, Dell offers some kind of Deal almost all the time. So keep studying their Special Offers for sometime. Then when you have formed a good idea about what really is a good price, just grab that offer!
In conclusion, I have to admit that buying a computer through the Internet is only possible if you have access to a computer with Internet connection, i.e., if this is your second computer, or you can use somebody else's computer.
If you need help using the Internet, check out the companion site:
Internet Basics For Seniors
If you need help with Windows XP, check out the companion site:
Help with Windows XP(New)
If you are an absolute beginner in computing, check out:
ABC's of Computing